miércoles, 14 de mayo de 2008

QUESTION 2

Always when we are doing things we try to be sure that our integrity and ourself is going to be ok. Ourself is the most important thing that we have, so we have to care about ourselves and do not do things that could be put in risk our personality.

It is better to be safe than sorry is a common expression that our parents could tell us when we are kids, specially when we begin to do risky actions that could hurt ourselves. When we are safe we can do a lot of thing and actions, but when we are not we lose a lot of the freedom that we have.

For all those reason I agree with this expression, because I think we come to this place to enjoy this life, and not to be suffering a life that is not enjoyable.

QUESTION 1

In the reading passage we read about de unintended consequences that a law could bring as an unexpected consequences of the publication of that law. In the listening passage, we hear about an example of the unintended consequences of certain law about taxes.

As we notice, in the reading passage the unintended consequences may turn out into positive or negative. Some examples are provide, like the example mentioned in the article about ban cars from the main street, it could be positive if it improve the health of the citizen, but it could be negative if it brings problems to the business.

Then in the listening passage we hear about a case where the unintended consequences were negatives. In this case increasing revenue from taxes could be good for the government, but for the employees and the incomes that the company could earn could be bad, because they began to lose their jobs. Also the people began to buy less things because they do not want to pay more taxes.

As we can see the listening passage presents an other negative example about the concept that is presented in the reading passage, the unintended consequences.

QUESTION 9

It can be quite difficult to learn a new language. What do you think are the most difficult aspects of learning a new language? Give reasons and examples to support your response?

Learning our native language could be very difficult for some of us, so imaging learning another language that is not spoken in your own country, it could be a really nightmare.

Learning a language implies that you have to learn a lot of vocabulary, grammar structures, expressions and a lot of more things that languages has. Taking all this characteristics and thinking about them, we can infer that learning a new languages could be difficult for some of us, but the most difficult aspect maybe is the speaking and the listening part.

When we are learning a language in our country is very difficult to find people that could practice with us. However this aspect of learning a language could be fix if we visit the country where the language is spoken, but visit a country means that we need money to travel and stay there.

As we can see learning a language could be easy or difficult, depends on the kind of person that is learning the language. However the most difficult aspect for anyone that is learning a language is the practice.

martes, 13 de mayo de 2008

How does the information in the listening passage add to the ideas presented in the reading passage?

In the paragraph we read, we were informed about the meaning of unintended, that these are unexpected effects or a decision you take, like not planned effects that may be positive or negative.

After that, the text introduced us to some legal terminology and gave us examples of positive unintended consequences for the citizen’s health.

Then, in the listening passage, the woman that spoke talks again of the meaning of unintended in the legal context, and gave an example of the raise of taxes and all the negative unintended consequences that that decision or change had made in the citizens and in the government and it’s initial plan of obtain more revenues.

marco

In these set of materials, the listening passage is related with reading passage by giving an example of a situation that fits the issues described on the first part (the lecture). As the lecture shows, there are two kinds of unintended consequences when someone or an entity makes a decision; an example of this is the closure of a street to the car traffic that can bring either good or bad consequences.

In the listening passage it is stated that this phenomena can happen in any field or any time, for instance, the government decisions. The situation presented here is a factual example where the raise of taxes that one government decided brought bad consequences that were unintended; it is worth to notice that these consequences did not come immediately and a process where everything ended up with the down of the revenue instead its raise took place
How does the information in the listening passage add to the ideas presented in the reading passage?

Unintended consequences are effects that are not planned when an action is taken. In both cases, the listening passage and the reading passage agree whit this concept. Especially this topic are emphasized whit the government decisions. This example is very good and radical because a decision taken by the government affects a lot of people. Also there are a lot of aspects that are involved in this kind of decision, so that, it is very difficult to predict the consequences or results but it is still more difficult to try to control all of them.

For example, if the government decides to increase revenue, it needs to increase taxes. It sounds easy but in fact, a lot of elements as citizens, companies, banks and etcetera suffer unintended consequences. Citizens has less money to expend, companies not sale the same quantity as usual, Banks star to send much money and it is sure that other unexpected effects occur. Positive effects also can occur because government has money to invest for example services improve, more buildings that people need are build, the security is better between other benefits. Absolutely a lot of unintended consequences happen until it were not the intention of the government.

Yara-Question 1

In the writing passage, the discussion turns into the unexpected consequences that in general terms are that consequences that are no predicted by the decision maker. This passage mentions that the unexpected consequences can have positive and negative effects, and exemplify with a decision of a city council to ban cars from Main Street.

In the other hand, the listening passage also try about the unexpected consequences but it focus on an example in government decision, specifically in the unexpected consequences of the raise of taxes in order to increase the revenue.

So, the listening passage adds an illustrative example about the unexpected consequences. It shows how a decision can have an undesirable consequence, specifically the opposite for which it was made. In this case, when the taxes were increased , the people’s money were down and as a consequence the people pay less taxes and the global revenue was less than before. In conclusion, the listening passage show how a decision can have unexpected consequences in a specific case.

unintended consequences

How does the information in the listening passage add to the ideas presented in the reading passage?


The decisions are taken some of the times without thinking what are going to be the consequences, and according to the law of unintended consequences, the actions of individuals, groups, or governments have effects, that are unexpected, or unintended.

But talking about government there is a great environment to study and to analyze, and it is important to think about the unintended consequences that may turn positive or negative. In the text we can look at the example of the council decision to ban cars from Main Street in the city. In the positive side: citizens will improve their health by walking from their cars to the businesses. In the opposite side: Businesses are exposed to lose a certain number of customers; even when that negative effect was not intended by the decision of the city council.

Another example may be the one presented in the listening: Government raise taxes to increase revenues, but customers have less money so that they cannot buy as always, so that employees lose their jobs, and revenues start to going down rather than up; and obviously it makes the opposite effect that they wish in the beginning.

So every decision that we have taken, gets a consequence, and we should be sure of taking it, by analyzing it before and creating a lot of tests thinking about the possible negative or positive consequences, in order to make them positive intended consequences.
Unintended consequences of love

The listening supports the reading with an example of unintended consequences and how serious they are, even if we had though about them

The example is about a government that needs more revenues and decides to increase the taxes. This is the action and there are many consequences. The first one is the obvious one; the government gets more revenues with the increase taxes. The second one which is negative, people can buy less things because the increase of the price. The third one, companies’ incomes decrease because people buy fewer goods and because of this they pay fewer taxes to government and also they have to fire people produce unemployment. So, at the end the government does not get as much incomes as they want because people have no money, no job and companies have no sales resulting in no incomes and therefore no taxes.

asuncion Question 1

This Topic is about unexpected consequences for the government decisions. Sometimes there are some decisions that we take and we do not know that they could bring another consequences in which we do not think.

We can see this situation especially with the government decisions. In the reading we had a very clear example of this problem; we read an example of a government decision and for this decision the citizens were affected. The decision was about to ban cars from a street in the city; this decision had different results one of them was positive and the other was negative. For some people was a good unintended decision because they had to walk in order to arrive to a place and it improved their health. For the other had a negative effect specially for the people who had business in that part of the city because many citizens decided to change the place and look for another place where they are able to park.

Although in the government this situation is very common and clear we can find it in many other places. I think that sometimes we take these kinds of decisions and we had positive and negative consequences without think that we did it.

Unexpected consequences

The actions of the individuals or groups have generally consequences, these can be unexpected or unintended, this means that the consequences are not planned and the person or group can get exactly the opposite of what it wanted to get.
The information in the listening passage give us an example about the unintended consequences of an action of the government. This is added to another example of unexpected consequences of the government in the reading passage.
The government tries to get more revenue and the way he does it is raising taxes. Raising taxes bring a chain of actions that finish with people fired from their jobs. The people who pay more taxes don’t have enough money to hire or stay with the same number of workers. The people who pay more taxes don’t have enough money to expend. That’s why some people have to be fired from their jobs. The men who stop working aren’t going to pay anymore taxes, this way the government is going to get more money from the raising of taxes but he doesn’t receive any money from the people who doesn’t work anymore. This way the consequences could be that government will receive less money than it used to receive.

lunes, 12 de mayo de 2008

Compare yourself today and yourself five years ago. In what ways are you the same or different? Compare yourself today and yourself five years ago. In what ways are you the same or different?
Compare yourself today and yourself five years ago. In what ways are you the same or different?


When we are dedicated to live our lives, it is difficult to distinguish what we have done, and so more, that time has gone suddenly; so that we can turn over our heads to watch what has happened during all the year, or maybe the last ten years, and realize that we maybe have changed our rules, our attitude, or maybe our projects; and that right now we are in a complete different scene to the one that we imagined many years ago.

So, I can turn over my head and compare my life with that of five years ago, and I can realize that there were many points that I decided to change and others that I continued from that moment to now. For example, I always thought and had the idea of studying Medicine, but now I am finishing my studies in the Informatic area, and that is something that I do not regret. Those are important decisions that we have to choose in the correct moment, because it is all about our career.

In a different way, I learnt to adjust my mind to ideas that I did not liked some years ago; I did not agree about watching to people joking about other people, I always tried to express what I felt about that to those who joked and it was not at all pleasant for them to listen that it was so stupid what they were doing; so, they only were angry with me and worse, they did not use to tell me what they felt, and I realized that those people were not friendly at all, and that I were not going to change the whole world.

But we always have a specific goal as persons, and we can not change every moment that the others disagree with us, and it is important that we realized that we can get what we really wish. After all we are humans, but we can remain with all our original values and try to analyze what we have done during all our lives and maybe change if we do not like the way that we have taken.






















Some people prefer to play team sports, while others prefer to play individual sports. Discuss the advantages of each. Then indicate which you prefer and why.


Even when I have not played at all sports, I can find that there is an important fuel of working together, after all it is not talking only about sports, we can find groups everywhere: in the job, in the school; but talking about sports it is a little bit different.

Each one has its own advantage, after all those are plays where a person can realize himself or herself . The individual sports maybe for some of the athletes are better because there they are not above the rules of a lot of people and they can train when they wanted or when they could.

The team sports in the other hand are better for those who enjoy working with other people, and like to meet them. Maybe it has a special relation with the activity they do. And I really like every kind of sport, it is amazing to watch to athletes and realize how capable they are to get the incredible goal.

I have not done sports, as I said before, but I have taken ballet lessons and I know that it is important the individual work, and when there is time of a presentation it is joined the individual work to the team work, so I have not a preference, and I like to work in group.









ACTIONS SPEAK LOUDER THAN WORDS

Sometimes is easy to speak and made promises but it became difficult if you don’t do your promises. Most of the time actions speak by itself. For example politicians made a lot of promises during campaign but if they don’t apply all their promises, people star to lost credibility in them.

Actions say more than one thousand words. This is a popular expression that express how important is to act more than speak. Because you know a person especially by his acts due to is a real probe about his personality. Sometimes people use to lie and promises a lot of things but if they made sometime against what they said you believe more in their actions than in their words.

Another example is when you go to an interview job you speak a lot about your abilities but the most important is your curriculum because shows your experience and the kind of work that you do. If you get the job maybe you will be under supervision during three months and during that time you have to act and to probe your abilities. In this way your evaluation will be in base to your acts.

Overall, I think actions speak louder than words because people sometimes lie but their acts tend to be truth. Also people use to make a criterion about the personality of a person by his acts rather than his words.

LEARNING A NEW LANGUAGE

Learning a new language imply a lot of abilities and changes in a person because you develop your senses to improve the knowledge of a language. In other cases your personality can help you or can be an obstacle to learn better the language. For example a shy person has limits to speak a lot in this way his ability to speak fluently will not be better.

Each culture is different and his language has specific abilities that made it only one. A student has his own abilities development according to his own language for that reason, learning a new language could be difficult according to the characteristics of the idiom. For example I’m Mexican and the English pronunciation is difficult for me in specific sounds that in Spanish it doesn’t exist. To improve that problem I need to practice phonetics.

QUESTION 6

What is the best age to marry?
Give reasons and examples to support your response

All the people around the world get married, and depending on their culture is the age the get married. In the next passage we are going to know what the best age to marry is and understand great responsibility we get when we get married.

Marry is not a simple word it is a very complicated word that means, in the most of the cases, that two persons join their lives to leave together. When a couple get married is because they love each other and they know what they want. To know what a person one is very important to be mature in all aspects, or in most of them.

Now another question is when a person is mature. Mature depends on the society where the people is develop. Even that premise, scientific studies believe that people is mature after 25 year. So maybe the best age to get married is after that age.

Mature is a good reason either to get married or not, twenty five year is a good age to get married, but some people needs more time to be mature, so let them be and wait until they are sure to get married.

QUESTION 3

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
Actions speak louder than words.
Use specific reason and examples to support your response.

Actions and words are part of the life of every single people that live in our world, since we are kids we hear this statement. This statement evolves a lot if meaning during our whole life, and I think actions speak louder than words.

When you say something to someone could do a very good effect, but when that someone saw that you do not do what you are saying, he make a question to himself, why I have to do that if even he does do what he is saying.

Like in the politics, promises could changes the mind of the people, but do the actions is very different reality. A man can promise million of things during his campaign, but do everything is very difficult, that’s why in my country politicians lose a lot of credibility, they do not do what the promise.

At the end of the day we can understand that say many things is good, but when we speak those words with action, we will be sure that the people will trust in us, and probe that actions speak louder than words.
Actions speak louder than words

To be congruent is not an easy thing. You have to keep the commitment between words and actions, and make the praxis just be. This word, praxis, means that when you speak and when you act you are doing, in essence, the same thing: words and actions are two aspects of the same thing.
Much of the people have forgotten what praxis is, that is why speaking becomes so trivial; people think they can say anything without a support of real intention. In the moment people rest value to opening their mouth, words become insignificant, and this is the reason why actions speak louder than words, because words had been minimized.

What famous place would you like to visit?

I would like to visit Greece, more specific the Acropolis and the Parthenon, because these are the annals of the rationalistic occidental current, the cradle of the philosophy and science that I know. Athens is one of the places more important in men´s history. It was the home of much of our great thinkers, who constructed the basis of our actual knowledge, and also, from the Greek culture was born the concept of republic.
I definitely would like to be there someday.

What do you think are the most difficult aspects of learning a new language?

The most difficult thing of learning a new language is, definitely, to think in that language, I mean, make it yours.
You can learn without a problem some vocabulary, a little of grammar structure, and, with a bit more of difficult, the correct pronunciation, but reach the point in which you internalize the language is not an easy work.
Maybe the second aspect in difficulty is the phonetic. The way you move your tongue, your lips, and all the mouth anatomy is specific of your mother´s language, even your vocal cords.
Actions speak louder than words

To be congruent is not an easy thing. You have to keep the commitment between words and actions, and make the praxis just be. This word, praxis, means that when you speak and when you act you are doing, in essence, the same thing: words and actions are two aspects of the same thing.
Much of the people have forgotten what praxis is, that is why speaking becomes so trivial; people think they can say anything without a support of real intention. In the moment people rest value to opening their mouth, words become insignificant, and this is the reason why actions speak louder than words, because words had been minimized.

What famous place would you like to visit?

I would like to visit Greece, more specific the Acropolis and the Parthenon, because these are the annals of the rationalistic occidental current, the cradle of the philosophy and science that I know. Athens is one of the places more important in men´s history. It was the home of much of our great thinkers, who constructed the basis of our actual knowledge, and also, from the Greek culture was born the concept of republic.
I definitely would like to be there someday.

What do you think are the most difficult aspects of learning a new language?

The most difficult thing of learning a new language is, definitely, to think in that language, I mean, make it yours.
You can learn without a problem some vocabulary, a little of grammar structure, and, with a bit more of difficult, the correct pronunciation, but reach the point in which you internalize the language is not an easy work.
Maybe the second aspect in difficulty is the phonetic. The way you move your tongue, your lips, and all the mouth anatomy is specific of your mother´s language, even your vocal cords.

Raul Tejeida Olvera

It can be difficult to learn a new language. What do you think are the most difficult aspects of learning a new language? Give reasons and examples to support your response.

When you start talking during the childhood you get used to the language with well-defined semantic and syntactic structures, during the elementary school the teachers give you the most important topics on how to use your language; I mean, in all their grammatical structures (such as listening, writing grammar, vocabulary, etc) in a proper way.

The languages have their own grammatical rules in order to preserve the pureness of them and every time you start learning a new language its quite difficult because you have to memorize a lot of concepts (like phrasal verbs, new words, etc) and also you have to understand the grammatical structures of that language that you are learning.

In my personal opinion, the most difficult things in language is the understanding and usage of it. The grammar topics related to a language are quite easy but there are certain restrictions and exceptions in languages that makes them quite tricky to understand and to learn in bilingual schools. The other difficult thing is to finance and to support the studies of children in these type of schools. But in general, tu learn and to study a new language its something easy.

In spite of many people disagrees with the private education with a language within the study plan, learning a new language is a very important thing to communicate and to apply it as a tool on your job or at the college.

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The TOEFL test is a wonderful test.

If something boring, full of mental demand that you have to develop in a short period of time makes you feel amused and excited of it, you are totally out of your mind. Only if you were kind of sadist you could say that the TOEFL test is wonderful.

Rather than that it is a requirement for a lot of things. If you want to study overseas in a college which the English is the official language of that country you have to had certain score on the test. Also in most of the jobs here at Mexico is an important requirement to have a higher score on the test.

At least, this kind of test could be and upgrade to your knowledge of English and also it’s an important landmark of your English background knowledge.



Some people prefer to work in one company for their entire career. Others think it is better to move from company to company. Discuss the advantages of each position.

This profile could be “a two bladed sword “, because this could be a parameter of how stable you are in your personality, behavior and human relationships.

Making a career at one company could be a good opportunity to have a promotion to achieve a higher position in that company; therefore you could achieve a good wage and a lot of opportunities. Otherwise if you start jumping from one job to another perhaps you will never achieve a good promotion.

Nevertheless if you see a better job that you could gain more money with good revenues than the other this could be a good reason to change.
I would like to visit New York, it is a place with many things to do, places to go and it is nearby Niagara Falls a place which I Would like to visit too. Some people think New York is a city a little dangerous, they think you can find a crazy man anywhere, but I believe it is a city like any other big city in the world where many things happen. Anyway I don’t thing New York city is a place more dangerous than Mexico City and I like to visit new places.


The most difficult aspects of learning a new language are the listening and speaking. The listening is difficult because the words don’t sound like they are written and it depends which country are the people who are talking to you. But the most difficult aspect of all is speaking specially in some languages because many words sound alike and in some countries the people is very special and they don’t try to understand what you are saying if you don’t say it in a perfect way.

I prefer to play individual sports or in a little team of two members. It is easier to get acquainted when there are less people. In and individual sport you have to make your best because it depends on you only, so you can’t say you loose because another’s fault and when you win you know it is thanks to you. Some people like to play team sports but many times get mad at their own friends if they loose the game. The team sports are usually tougher than individual sports, I prefer individual sports.